Optic nerve infiltration revealing an extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a child: A case report and review of the literature

Orbital involvement represents a relatively common manifestation in leukemia, in contrast to involvement of the optic nerve, uveal tract, and retina, which remains uncommon. Ocular manifestations are most often related to direct infiltration of ocular structures by leukemic cells. However, associated hematologic abnormalities, particularly anemia and hyperviscosity syndromes, may also contribute to ophthalmic complications. Optic nerve infiltration is increasingly recognized as a significant man