Early exposure to child sexual abuse material: Prevalence, circumstances and psychosocial functioning

The proliferation of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) on digital platforms poses a critical challenge for online safety, especially for children. Despite global efforts to combat CSAM, opportunities for exposure remain widespread, with limited research on its developmental and psychosocial impacts. This study investigates the prevalence and circumstances of early CSAM exposure and examines associations between age of first exposure and psychosocial functioning among self-reported CSAM users. T