BlueMesh: A Decentralized Bluetooth-Based Messaging System Without Internet Using MERN Stack

Abstract: Communication systems today are overwhelmingly dependent on centralized internet infrastructure, which introduces vulnerabilities such as network outages, censorship, surveillance, and infrastructural dependency. This research introduces BlueMesh, a novel decentralized messaging architecture that enables users to communicate using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) without requiring internet connectivity. Unlike traditional messaging platforms, BlueMesh leverages a hybrid peer-to-peer and mesh