Insurance Institutional Ownership, Corporate Resilience, and Sustainable Development: Evidence from Chinese A-Share Firms

Enhancing the resilience of real-economy firms is essential to sustainable development because firms must not only absorb shocks but also maintain long-term adaptive and renewal capacity. Against this background, this study examines whether insurance institutional ownership, as a form of patient capital, is systematically associated with corporate resilience. Using panel data for Chinese A-share listed firms from 2008 to 2024, we construct a multidimensional corporate resilience index based on r