Solid-State Fermentation Towards Sustainability and Circularity in the Bioprocessing of Agri-Food Industrial Wastes

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a pivotal biotechnology in the circular economy, leveraging agri-food industrial waste and byproducts to produce high-value bioproducts while minimizing organic waste. By aligning with sustainability goals and zero-waste principles, SSF enables the production of enzymes, bioactive compounds, and secondary metabolites for food, agriculture, and biomedical applications. Recent advancements have optimized critical parameters, including substrate selection, culture