Configurational pathways to smart city AI Adoption: Evidence from local governments in Australia, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, Spain, and the United States
Tan Yigitcanlar·Juan Corchado·Sajani Senadheera·Anne David·Pauline Hope Cheong·Raveena Marasinghe·Ke Liu
Despite increasing policy attention and technological progress, AI adoption in smart city governance and local governments remains uneven. While previous studies have identified individual drivers of adoption, limited research has examined how multiple factors interact to enable or constrain implementation. Drawing on the technology-community-policy framework, this study employs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to investigate configurational pathways leading to AI-enabled smart city ad