Histological and Molecular Evaluation of HPV in Primary Tumors and Lymph Node Metastases of Penile Cancer

Background: Penile squamous cell carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm that arises via two carcinogenic pathways, one linked to HPV infection and the other to chronic inflammation and p53 alterations. Objective/Methods: We assessed the distribution of HPV genotypes in penile tumors and subsequent inguinal metastases in a cohort of 343 patients, analyzing their concordance with p16 stain and histological subtype, as well as the predictive significance of HPV tumor status and the immunohistochemical e