Parental inquiry behavior and use of web-based information for childhood vaccination in Japan: Implications for communication quality and vaccination schedule adherence

Effective risk communication requires an understanding how interactions with healthcare providers influence parental vaccination decisions. In Japan, cultural norms that emphasize respect for authority may discourage parents from asking questions, whereas recent digital information sources increasingly shape how parents perceive vaccines. Using the Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination framework, this study aimed to examine how communication experiences and information pathways related to