Comparative Performance of Threaded Inserts in Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminates under Static and Fatigue Pull-Out Loading

Abstract Due to the weak interlaminar strength of fiber-reinforced composite laminates, directly tapping threads into the laminate is generally not recommended. In monolithic composite laminates where through-bolting or sandwich-panel potting is not feasible, threaded inserts are commonly used to achieve reliable fastening and maintain structural integrity. Various insert types are commercially available, and selecting the appropriate configuration is critical for achieving robust joint performa