Sublethal Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics Alters Swimming Behaviour and Reduces Survival of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Polystyrene microplastics (PS) in aquaculture systems may impair shrimp behaviour and survival, yet experimental evidence directly linking exposure intensity with easily observable behavioural indicators remains limited. This study evaluated the effects of sublethal PS exposure on swimming behaviour and survival of whiteleg shrimp during a 45-day rearing period. A completely randomized design was applied using four treatments: 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/L PS, each with three replicates. PL-30 whiteleg