Fentanyl or Morphine? a qualitative investigation of solo responding paramedics´ decision-making in prehospital care

Abstract Background Solo responding unit (SRU) paramedics at Oslo University Hospital (OUH) can administer either morphine or fentanyl for prehospital pain management. Although both opioids are available, the choice between them is made by individual clinicians in time-critical situations, often with limited information, variable transport conditions, and minimal organisational feedback. Existing research has primarily focused on comparative efficacy and safety, while less attention has been pai