G-T-ERNIE: Multi-Label Classifier with Text–Label Joint Modeling for Tourism Texts

With the rapid growth of user reviews on tourism platforms and the rising demand for intelligent services, multi-label classification has become essential for review retrieval and service optimization. Traditional methods struggle with the complex semantics and multi-label nature of reviews, leading to weak feature representation and lower accuracy. To address this issue, this study proposes a G-T-ERNIE-based multi-label text classification model. ERNIE is used to capture contextual semantics, T