Long-term underwater passive acoustic monitoring of the soundscape in an Atlantic salmon sea cage

Abstract Understanding the underwater acoustic environment in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) farming is essential for evaluating potential impacts on fish welfare. This study presents a long-term characterisation of soundscapes in an open sea cage, distinguishing between baseline normal conditions, delousing and net cleaning operations. A hydrophone was deployed inside an open sea cage, with passive acoustic recordings collected from July through November 2023. Operational activities were track