Incretin‐dependent acute and chronic gut responses to fructose exposure in glycaemic control

Fructose consumption has increased markedly over recent decades and has been consistently associated with the development of non-communicable chronic diseases, including impaired glycaemic homeostasis, type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Although the liver has historically been viewed as the primary organ mediating these effects, more recent evidence identifies the intestine as a central site for fructose sensing and metabolism. In this context,