• Small-angle neutron scattering and atom probe tomography were employed. • Number density of interphase precipitates peaks at the end of phase transformation. • Mo increases the number density and volume fraction of interphase precipitates. • The effect of Mo on phase transformation kinetics depends on temperature. • Balancing precipitate size and volume fraction is crucial to maximise strength. In this work, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was combined with dilatometry, transmission elec