The damage mechanism and dynamic response of a double-layered Portal pier under explosion load

• A validated blast-resistance model for double-layer portal piers was established through comparative analysis with experimental data based on actual engineering cases. • Three typical vehicle bombing scenarios aligned with FEMA standards were fabricated to analyze corresponding structural failure modes and conduct dynamic response analyses. • Reinforcement priority in blast-resistant designs for double-layer portal piers should focus on the load-bearing strength and protective capacity of the