Mapping the beating heart in 4D to interrelate electrophysiology and mechanics

Cardiac electrophysiology and mechanics are intrinsically linked via excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) on the one hand and mechano-electric coupling (MEC) on the other (Quinn & Kohl, 2021). Yet, despite numerous studies, there remain many open fundamental questions, especially at the whole organ level, regarding the role of electro-mechanical cross-talk in cardiac autoregulation, in arrhythmogenesis and in therapeutic interventions. These questions have remained unanswered partly as a result