Comparing hearing aid settings with ecological momentary assessment using direct and indirect approaches

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is frequently utilized to evaluate hearing programs (HPs) in real life, either by indirect comparison (i.e., rating one program in each study period) or by direct comparison (i.e., switching between HPs in a survey and rating the difference). To compare these methods, a randomized crossover design was implemented with 30 participants and three hearing programs differing in gain and noise reduction features. Data collection spanned 15 days, capturing particip