Lung-deposited surface area concentration during the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles as well as with the application of gold nanoparticles on electrodes in academic and research laboratories

The synthesis and application of nanoparticles can lead to occupational exposure. Thus, this poses potential negative health outcomes associated with exposure to emitted nanoparticles. This is a result of the characteristics of nanoparticles, namely their high surface area, small size, and ability to penetrate the deeper regions of the respiratory system. This study focused on measuring the concentrations of silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles emitted during their synthesis, and the appl