Wideband acoustic immittance: Suitable quantities for assessing middle-ear status

This paper investigates the physical significance of ear-canal wave quantities-such as absorbance-that are commonly measured in wideband-acoustic-immittance tests and evaluates whether these quantities uniquely characterize middle-ear function. This is explored using simulations of lumped-element and transmission-line ear canals, along with measurements in three-dimensional-printed uniform and anatomical ear canals of varying geometry, terminated by the same middle-ear simulator. The results dem