• A spectral optimization method for LBDs is proposed for different age groups. • The method uses a Gaussian spectral model and GA with GC and CCT constraints. • Optimal SPDs are identified to minimize or maximize MELR. • MELR is found to decrease with age and increase with CCT. • Four-primary LBDs offer better circadian tunability than three-primary ones. With the discovery of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), the circadian effect of lighting has drawn great attentio
