Energy transition and regional economic growth: Spatial spillovers across the urban-rural divide

This study examines the role of energy consumption in regional economic growth across 1152 EU-27 NUTS-3 regions, distinguishing between renewable and fossil-based energy sources and explicitly accounting for spatial heterogeneity along the urban-rural continuum. We employ a flexible translog production function within a spatial econometric framework to capture nonlinearities, factor complementarities, and spatial interdependencies in energy-growth relationships. Bayesian model comparison decisiv