Drafting the calmodulation playbook: Emerging structural insights into transient receptor potential channel regulation by calmodulin

Calmodulin (CaM) is the principal calcium (Ca²⁺) sensor in eukaryotic cells, orchestrating hundreds of signalling pathways that regulate excitability, contraction, secretion, gene expression and many other essential processes. This small, highly conserved protein binds four Ca²⁺ ions and undergoes conformational changes that enable versatile interactions with a wide range of effector proteins, including numerous ion channels. Among these the transient receptor potential (TR