Assessment of Methane Production and Microbial Community Dynamics in One and Two-Stage Semi-continuous Anaerobic Systems Treating Orange Peel Waste and Crude Glycerol

Agro-industrial wastes such as orange peel waste (OPW) and crude glycerol (CG) can be used in anaerobic digestion (AD) to mitigate environmental impacts while generating methane as a renewable biofuel. Brazil produces significant amounts of these residues, highlighting the need for sustainable management strategies. This study evaluated the performance of single and two-stage anaerobic systems in the co-digestion of OPW and CG under mesophilic conditions (35–37 °C) for 60 days, with increasing o