The metamorphosis of organizational resilience: a strategic roadmap for SMEs in the digital age

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly exposed to complex, recurring disruptions—ranging from pandemics and geopolitical crises to supply chain reconfigurations and climate shocks. While resilience has become a strategic imperative, existing literature often treats it as a static, single-level capacity. This study advances the discourse by conceptualizing resilience as a multilevel, metamorphic process—one that evolves through dynamic interactions across individual, organizat