Warming waters of the Central Karakoram: modeling streamflow responses of the Shigar Basin, northern Pakistan to climate change

Glacial mountain watersheds are among the most climate-sensitive hydrological systems, where even minor shifts in temperature or precipitation can trigger significant changes in water availability, flood potential, and ecosystem stability. This study quantifies the projected impacts of climate change on the hydrology of the Shigar River Basin, Central Karakoram, Pakistan, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) coupled with CMIP6 climate scenarios. Historical hydro-meteorological data fr