Satellite-Based Carbon MRV: Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Inference for Verifiable Carbon Removal

This study investigates satellite-based measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) as a credibility backbone for carbon removal and durable climate claims. The central premise is that high-integrity carbon removal requires not only process monitoring at projects (e.g., direct air capture, enhanced weathering, afforestation) but also independent, physics-based evidence that atmospheric greenhouse-gas burdens respond as claimed. Satellite remote sensing provides a scalable observational layer,