Clinical Investigation and Statistical Analysis Improve the Metrological Reliability of Forehead Infrared Radiation Thermometers

Abstract Forehead Infrared Radiation Thermometers (FIRTs) are widely employed in healthcare settings and access control due to their practicality. However, concerns persist regarding their metrological reliability, particularly in clinical applications. These devices operate in two modes: object and adjusted (body temperature). However, current evaluation methodologies lack standardised procedures and statistical criteria for assessing clinical performance. This study aimed to develop a clinical