Associations of the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy with impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes: A national prospective cohort study in Lebanon

Findings underscore the importance of early screening for family history of diabetes, excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), stress, and elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP) to target to identify women at risk of IGT and GDM. Trimester-specific dietary strategies, such as reducing overconsumption of burghul and legumes in early pregnancy and promoting vegetable intake later, may help improve maternal glycemia.