Metal nanofungicides as emerging tools for crop disease control: an opinion article

Phytopathogenic fungi represent a significant challenge in agriculture due to their high incidence and severe losses in various crops. These pathogens are responsible for numerous foliar, root, and vascular diseases, including rusts, downy mildews, anthracnose, and wilts, which affect plant physiology and compromise the yield and quality of harvested products (1,2). Fungal diseases are estimated to cause losses of 10-15% in the world's major crops (3). In this regard, various strategies have bee