Recent advances in microbial lignin degradation and upcycling of lignin-derived aromatic compounds

Lignin represents a promising and sustainable feedstock for the production of high-value products. However, its heterogeneity and recalcitrance pose a big challenge for efficient depolymerization and upcycling. This review highlights recent advances in microbial lignin valorization, focusing on three key steps: lignin depolymerization, metabolism of lignin-derived aromatic compounds, and valorization to target products. Recent progress in lignin depolymerization is enabling the discovery and opt