FAME–SSA : a Fast Adaptive Multivariate Decomposition Method for unsupervised damage detection in built infrastructures

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) techniques are continuously challenged by the complexities and noise inherent in large-scale multidimensional data. Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is effective for non-stationary signals but struggles with multichannel data. Multivariate EMD (MEMD) addresses this but still suffers from noise sensitivity, mode mixing, and incomplete frequency extraction. Fast and Adaptive Multivariate EMD (FA-MVEMD) improves on MEMD by using intelligent strategies to enhance