Sentience in cephalopod molluscs: an updated assessment

This article evaluates the evidence for sentience - the capacity to have feelings - in cephalopod molluscs: octopus, cuttlefish, squid, and nautilus. Our framework includes eight criteria, covering both whether the animal’s nervous system might support sentience and whether their behaviour indicates sentience. There is very strong evidence of sentience in octopuses, which satisfy seven of the eight criteria. There is less evidence for cuttlefish and squid (4/8 criteria), although this is still s