Mathematical modeling of crime and corruption dynamics: a cross-national analysis of their interdependencies

Abstract This study presents a novel compartmental mathematical model for analyzing crime and corruption within socio-political systems, with a focus on Colombia, Guatemala, and Venezuela. Recognizing the mutually reinforcing nature of crime and corruption, the model incorporates key population compartments: vulnerable citizens, law enforcement, exposed individuals, corrupt agents, persistent criminals, prosecuted individuals, and those in correctional institutions. A system of nonlinear differe