Actor-Critic Learning based Type-2 Fuzzy Controller for Non-Linear and Uncertainty Systems

This article introduces a rapid and stable actor-critic learning-based Takagi–Sugeno–Kang type-2 fuzzy controller (AL-TFC) designed for nonlinear and uncertain applications. The critic-based adaptive tuning network of the AL-TFC employs the backpropagation of the error method, utilizing a neural network to implement the critic network. Parameter updates are performed using Lyapunov criteria to mitigate issues associated with local minima. The AL-TFC serves as a high-precision tracker suitable fo