Carbon market mechanisms and biodiversity co-benefits for sustainable development: a bibliometric analysis of global research trends and policy integration

Carbon markets are crucial climate mitigation mechanisms, yet their capacity to generate biodiversity co-benefits remains inadequately synthesized. With nations advancing Paris Agreement Article 6 commitments, implementing the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022), and pursuing Sustainable Development Goals 13 (Climate Action) and 15 (Life on Land), examining how market-based instruments integrate biodiversity conservation has gained critical policy importance. This study analyze